The Aryavarth Express
Agency (New Delhi): The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) revealed on Wednesday that 56.4% of India’s total disease burden is attributable to unhealthy diets. In response, the National Institute of Nutrition (NIN), part of the ICMR, released 17 comprehensive dietary guidelines aimed at addressing essential nutrient requirements and preventing non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as obesity and diabetes.
The NIN emphasized that healthy diets and regular physical activity can significantly reduce the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) and hypertension (HTN) and prevent up to 80% of type 2 diabetes cases. They highlighted the rising consumption of highly processed foods rich in sugars and fats, alongside reduced physical activity and limited access to diverse foods, as key factors exacerbating micronutrient deficiencies and weight-related issues.
The guidelines, drafted by a multi-disciplinary committee of experts led by Dr. Hemalatha R, Director of ICMR-NIN, have undergone extensive scientific review. Dr. Hemalatha emphasized the importance of ensuring the availability, accessibility, and affordability of nutrient-rich foods while promoting a diverse diet to tackle malnutrition effectively.
Dr. Rajiv Bahl, Director General of ICMR, noted significant changes in Indian dietary habits over recent decades, leading to a rise in NCDs. He praised the guidelines for addressing the current food scenario in India, including practical advice on food safety, choosing minimally processed foods, and the importance of physical activity.
The NIN pointed out that 34% of children aged 5-9 suffer from high triglycerides, underlining the urgency of dietary reforms. The guidelines recommend that a balanced diet should provide no more than 45% of calories from cereals and millets, up to 15% from pulses, beans, and meat, with the remaining calories sourced from nuts, vegetables, fruits, and milk.
The high cost and limited availability of pulses and meat have led to a reliance on cereals, resulting in poor intake of essential macronutrients and micronutrients among a significant portion of the Indian population. This dietary imbalance can disrupt metabolism and increase the risk of insulin resistance and associated disorders from a young age.
The new dietary guidelines aim to provide a sustainable, long-term solution to various forms of malnutrition and support the government’s efforts to promote holistic nutrition and health across India.